Vet Diagnostic Lab II
Idag har jag lekt med mitt stetoskop, insett att Polen inte innehåller en endaste smula curry (och jag som vill göra currysås) och så har jag bestämt mig för att springa mera så att mina muskler få se dagens ljus (jag vet ju att de finns någonstans djupt där nere =).
Så nu till det bästa, att blogga samtidigt som jag får summera förra veckans Veterinary Diagnostics 
Dermatology var temat
Skin Examination:
1. Whole skin = from nose to the tip of the tail should be examined.
2. Smell? E.g inflammation in ear = yeasty (detta är mitt område då jag är expert på att tolka doft partiklar)
3. Wounds, Scratch – Check all lesions! Are they primary or secondary? Secondary can mask the primary.
4. Important to look inbtw the digits, under paw etc Push out the third eyelid (yes thats true, dogs have 3 eyelids)
5. Check mucous membranes (slemhinnor)
6. Anal glands, are in a 4 – 8 o´clock position
7. Hairloss? Symmetrical, place. Loss of hair on head – allergy?
8. Check ears – Tympanic membrane / Ear Swab
9. Use a comb – if you find black dots put them in water – if they turn RED = Flea Feaces
10. Skin scarping. Pinch the skin btw your fingers and scrape until you get blood - get all the skin layers. Sample put on slide + KOH + coverslip + paper towel around and send to lab. Can be e.g. Demodex
Alot of skinn diseases are similar, to make a diagnosis one can try to eliminate other possible skin diseases.
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11. Respiratory. Nose/ nares – anatomically correct? Problem in brachiocephalic/ short nose - can be bend in the wrong way = hard to breath.
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Restrictive Dyspnea = lungs cannot inflate fully e.g in Diaphragmatic Hernia, tumors, foreign body
Obstructive Expiratory Dyspnea = Lungs cannot deflate fully/ During the expiratory phase of respiration. Usually associated with lower airway obstruction . Patients may have wheezes and cough.
- Portal systemic shunt = connection of blood vessels = Bypass the liver = Blood is not filtrated -> Toixic –> neurological. Increase in liver enzymes, seen in blood.
Patient I: Yorkshire Terrier
1. Check mucous memebrane, anemic, cyanotic – No
2. Palpate heart – Listen to puncta maxima (max intesity of heart). Listen to all valves. Good heart rythm.
3. In abdomen, feel swollen liver on both sides of stomach.
Patient II: Poodle
Listen to heart. Compared to femoral artery = Arrythmia. Heart rate also very strong, Tachycaria = refers to a heart rate that exceeds the normal range for a resting heartrate. Sound from heart bumpschhh.. bumpschhh..
Extra comments
If a dog has a heart murmur –> the juglular vein is enlarged.
No fluids for cardiac patients - wants to get rid of fluids – causing the congestion. In the case of the poodle that was in for cardiac failure, he was given fluids because he had increased amount of liver enzymes.
If pulmonary edema – don’t hear anything in the stethoscope BUT see increased effort in breathing.
